Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP

Processes for making aviation fuels include a step of forming a C 16− olefin stream by oligomerizing a mixture of decenes with a C 6− alpha-olefin or by subjecting the mixture of decenes and a C 8− alpha-olefin to metathesis. The C 16− olefin stream is then hydrogenated to form C 16− paraffins, and these C 16− paraffins can be used to form an aviation fuel. Particular C 11 -C 16 olefin compositions and paraffin compositions prepared by these processes also are described.

Processes and systems that utilize a fuel cell for carbon capture from a petrochemical stream that contains hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be the tail gas of a hydrocarbon cracking system, or any other petrochemical stream containing hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be separated into a hydrogen product stream and a methane product stream, before sending the methane product stream to the fuel cell. The fuel cell converts methane to carbon dioxide and hydrogen to water, while generating electricity that can be used to power equipment.

Disclosed are new metallocenes, catalyst systems, and processes, in which the catalyst systems may include metallocene-solid super acids (SSA) activator-support combinations. Ansa-metallocenes having a cyclopentadienyl ligand and a fluorenyl ligand bridged by a linking group of the formula >C[C 6 H 2 R 1 R 2 2 ][R 3 ] are described, wherein R 1 is —O(CH 2 ) m CH═CH 2 ; each R 2 is independently H or a C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl group; R 3 is H, a C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl group, or [C 6 H 2 R 4 R 5 2 ]; R 4 is H, a C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl group, or —O(CH 2 ) n CH═CH 2 ; each R 5 is independently H or a C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl group; and m and n are selected independently from an integer from 1 to 20. The catalyst systems exhibit high activity and produce polyethylenes with high molecular weights and low levels of long chain branching (LCB) as compared to polyethylenes produced with a benchmark metallocene.

Sulfated bentonite compositions are characterized by a total pore volume from 0.4 to 1 mL/g, a total BET surface area from 200 to 400 m 2 /g, and an average pore diameter from 55 to 100 Angstroms. The sulfated bentonite compositions also can be characterized by a d50 average particle size in a range from 15 to 50 μm and a ratio of d90/d10 from 3 to 15. The sulfated bentonite compositions can contain a sulfated bentonite and from 10 to 90 wt. % of colloidal particles, or the sulfated bentonite compositions can contain a sulfated bentonite and from 0.2 to 10 mmol/g of zinc and/or phosphorus. These compositions can be utilized in metallocene catalyst systems to produce ethylene based polymers.

A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. for a time period of from about 30 minutes to about 6 hours to form a pre-catalyst.

Disclosed herein are heterocene compounds and catalyst compositions containing the heterocene compounds that can be used for the polymerization of olefins. For example, catalyst compositions disclosed herein can be used in polymerization processes to produce olefin polymers having higher molecular weights than catalyst compositions comprising conventional metallocene compounds. The catalyst compositions comprising the heterocenes also may demonstrate an increased metallocene activity as compared to otherwise identical catalyst systems that contain conventional metallocene compounds.

Methods for modifying a catalyst system component include the steps of contacting the catalyst system component with a fluid to form either a paste or agglomerated particles, depending upon the relative amount of fluid used based on the void volume of the catalyst system component, followed by drying and comminuting to form a modified catalyst system component. The amount of the modified catalyst system component having a particle size of less than or equal to 10 μm is less than that of the catalyst system component. Specific catalyst component compositions and ethylene polymer compositions characterized by their respective particle size distributions also are disclosed.

Disclosed herein are ethylene-based polymers generally characterized by a melt index of less than 1 g/10 min, a density from 0.93 to 0.965 g/cm 3 , a CY-a parameter at 190° C. of less than 0.2, an average number of short chain branches per 1000 total carbon atoms of the polymer in a molecular weight range of 400,000 to 600,000 g/mol that is greater than that in a molecular weight range of 40,000 to 60,000 g/mol, and an average number of long chain branches per 1000 total carbon atoms of the polymer in a molecular weight range of 400,000 to 600,000 g/mol that is greater than that in a molecular weight range of 4,000,000 to 6,000,000 g/mol. The ethylene polymers can be used to fabricate pipes, blown films, and blow molded products, and the ethylene polymers can be produced with a dual catalyst system containing a single atom bridged or two carbon atom bridged metallocene compound with two indenyl groups or an indenyl group and a cyclopentadienyl group, and a single atom bridged metallocene compound with a fluorenyl group and a cyclopentadienyl group with an alkenyl substituent.

Disclosed is oligomerization of ethylene to form 1-hexene in combination with aromatization of the 1-hexene formed by oligomerization, to form benzene.

Methods for making titanated silica supports, titanated chromium/silica pre-catalysts, and activated titanated chromium/silica catalysts are disclosed in which hydrogen peroxide and an alkali metal precursor are used during catalyst preparation. Resulting titanated chromium/silica pre-catalysts often contain silica, 0.1 to 5 wt. % chromium, 0.1 to 10 wt. % titanium, and less than or equal to 4 wt. % carbon, and further contain an alkali metal or zinc at a molar ratio of alkali metal:titanium or zinc:titanium from 0.02:1 to 3:1 and/or at an amount in a range from 0.01 to 2 mmol of alkali metal or zinc per gram of the silica. High melt index potential activated titanated chromium/silica catalysts can be used to polymerize olefins to produce, for example, ethylene based homopolymers and copolymers having HLMI values of greater than 30 g/10 min.