Ginkgo Bioworks, Inc.

This disclosure provides expression systems comprising secretion signals that promote production and/or secretion of proteins of interest, as well as one or more polynucleotides encoding chaperone proteins (e.g., CRT and/or PDIA3) which, as demonstrate herein, enhance production and/or secretion of proteins. Moreover, genetically modified host cells comprising these expression systems are capable of producing high levels of protein of interest, such as bovine lactoferrin (bLF), bovine lactoglobulin (bLG), or ovalbumin (Ova).

Described herein are CB5 polypeptides for the biosynthesis of oxygenated hydrocarbons in modified host cells.

Described in this application are proteins and host cells involved in methods of producing mogrol precursors, mogrol, and/or mogrosides.

The present disclosure provides host cells, e.g., bacterial cells, that comprise a methionine decarboxylase enzyme for the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with methionine metabolism in a subject. The disclosure further provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating disorders associated with methionine metabolism, such as homocystinuria.

The present disclosure provides host cells, e.g., bacterial cells, that comprise a methionine decarboxylase enzyme for the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with methionine metabolism in a subject. The disclosure further provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating disorders associated with methionine metabolism, such as homocystinuria.

This application describes transcriptional units, synthetic expression systems, and host cells comprising transcriptional units and synthetic expression systems, wherein the synthetic expression system is capable of expressing a gene of interest. Also described are methods for the production of bioproducts (including, but not limited to, proteins or RNA expressed from the gene of interest). In some embodiments, bioproducts are produced from host cells under culture conditions without addition of methanol.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to biosynthesis of histidine in host cells. For example, host cells may comprise: a promoter; a ribosome binding site (RBS); and a nucleic acid comprising: hisG; hisD; hisC hisB; hisH; hisA; hisF; and/or hisI. Host cells may further comprise a nucleic acid encoding a ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase (RPPK), optionally comprising one or more amino acid substitutions relative to the sequence of wildtype E. coli RPPK. Host cells of the disclosure may comprise a nucleic acid encoding a 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase (MTHFDC) enzyme. Further aspects of the disclosure relate to production of purine pathway metabolites and/or plasmid DNA in host cells.

The present disclosure provides host cells, e.g., bacterial cells, that comprise a methionine decarboxylase enzyme for the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with methionine metabolism in a subject. The disclosure further provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating disorders associated with methionine metabolism, such as homocystinuria.

Disclosed are genetically engineered organisms, such as yeast and bacteria, that have the ability to metabolize atypical phosphorus or sulfur sources. Fermentation methods using the genetically engineered organisms are also described. The fermentation methods are robust processes for the industrial bioproduction of a variety of compounds, including commodities, fine chemicals, an pharmaceuticals.

DGA1 catalyzes the final enzymatic step for converting acyl-CoA and 1,2-diacylglycerol to triacylglycerols (TAG) and CoA in yeast. Disclosed are methods for expression in an oleaginous yeast host of polynucleotide sequences encoding DGA1 from Rhodosporidium toruloides, Lipomyces starkeyi, Aurantiochytrium limacinum, Aspergillus terreus , or Claviceps purpurea . Also described herein are engineered recombinant host cells of Yarrowia lipolytica comprising heterologous DGA1 polynucleotides encoding DGA1 proteins, or functionally active portions thereof, having the capability of producing increased lipid production and possessing the characteristic of enhanced glucose consumption efficiency.