Global Graphene Group, Inc.

A solid mass of multiple graphene foam particles wherein at least a particle has a particle size in the range of 10 nm to 10 cm and comprises multiple pores and multiple graphene sheets the form pore walls and the graphene sheets contain a pristine graphene material, having essentially zero % of non-carbon elements, or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.001% to 55% by weight of non-carbon elements wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof.

Provided is a simple, fast, scalable, and environmentally benign method of producing a graphene-enhanced cement or concrete material, the method comprising: (a) mixing multiple particles of a graphitic material and multiple particles of a cement or concrete ingredient to form a mixture in an impacting chamber of an energy impacting apparatus, wherein the impacting chamber optionally contains therein ball-milling media other than the multiple particles of a cement or concrete ingredient; (b) operating the energy impacting apparatus with a frequency and an intensity for a length of time sufficient for peeling off graphene sheets from the particles of graphitic material and transferring the peeled graphene sheets to surfaces of the solid cement or concrete ingredient particles to produce particles of graphene-embraced or graphene-encapsulated cement or concrete ingredient particles inside the impacting chamber; and (c) recovering the graphene-embraced or graphene-encapsulated cement or concrete ingredient particles from the chamber.

Provided is filtration member for use in a filtration device, said filtration member comprising a layer of woven or nonwoven fabric having two primary surfaces and a layer of chemically functionalized graphite flakes deposited on at least one of the two primary surfaces or embedded in the layer of woven or nonwoven fabric, wherein said graphite flakes comprise chemical function contain 1%-50% by weight of a non-carbon element selected from O, N, H, F, Cl, Br, I, or a combination thereof. Also provided is a face mask comprising: (a) a mask body configured to cover at least wearer's mouth and nose; and (b) a fastener to hold the mask in place on the wearer's face; wherein the mask body includes (i) an air-permeable outer layer, (ii) an inner layer located on a wearer's side when the mask is worn, and (iii) the filtration member comprising graphite flakes.

Provided is a process for manufacturing a graphene material, the process comprising (a) injecting a rust stock into a first end of a continuous reactor having a toroidal vortex flow, wherein the first stock comprises graphite and a non-oxidizing liquid (or, alternatively, graphite, an acid, and an optional oxidizer) and the continuous flow reactor is configured to produce the toroidal vortex flow, enabling the formation of a reaction product suspension or slurry at the second end, downstream from the first end, of the continuous reactor; and (b) introducing the reaction product suspension/slurry from the second end back to enter the continuous reactor at or near the first end, allowing the reaction product suspension/slurry to form a toroidal vortex flow and move down to or near the second end to produce a graphene suspension or graphene oxide slurry. The process may further comprise repeating step (b) for at least one time.

Provided is a process for producing an integral graphene film, comprising: (a) preparing a graphene dispersion having chemically functionalized graphene sheets dispersed in a fluid medium wherein the graphene sheets contain chemical functional groups attached thereto; (b) dispensing and depositing a wet film of the graphene dispersion onto a supporting substrate, wherein the dispensing and depositing procedure includes mechanical shear stress-induced alignment of the graphene sheets along a film planar direction, and partially or completely removing the fluid medium to form a relatively dried film comprising aligned chemically functionally graphene sheets; and (c) using heat, electromagnetic waves, UV light, or high-energy radiation to induce chemical reactions or chemical bonding between chemical functional groups attached to adjacent chemically functionalized graphene sheets to form the integral graphene film. The film after step (b) or (c) may be further compressed to increase the degree of graphene sheet orientation in the integral graphene film.

An optically transparent and electrically conductive film composed of metal nanowires or carbon nanotubes combined with pristine graphene with a metal nanowire-to-graphene or carbon nanotube-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/99 to 99/1, wherein the pristine graphene is single-crystalline and contains no oxygen and no hydrogen, and the film exhibits an optical transparence no less than 80% and sheet resistance no higher than 300 ohm/square. This film can be used as a transparent conductive electrode in an electro-optic device, such as a photovoltaic or solar cell, light-emitting diode, photo-detector, touch screen, electro-wetting display, liquid crystal display, plasma display, LED display, a TV screen, a computer screen, or a mobile phone screen.

A method of producing crystalline graphite, the method comprising: (a) providing a graphene/biomass mixture comprising multiple biomass particles (chips, granules, flakes, pellets, etc.) and a first amount of multiple sheets of a first graphene material, wherein the first graphene-to-biomass weight ratio is from 0 to 1.0; (b) heat-treating the mixture at a first temperature (150° C. to 1,500° C.) for a first period of time to carbonize the mixture into a graphene/carbon mixture; (c) optionally adding a second amount of multiple sheets of a second graphene material into the graphene/carbon mixture, wherein the second graphene-to-biomass weight ratio, based on the original non-carbonized biomass weight, is from 0 to 1.0 and the total graphene-to-biomass weight ratio is no less than 0.001; and (d) heat-treating the graphene/carbon mixture at a second temperature for a second period of time to produce a crystalline graphite, wherein the second temperature is selected from 900° C. to 3,500° C.

A method of producing crystalline graphite, the method comprising: (a) providing a graphene/plastic mixture of multiple plastic particles (chips, granules, pellets, etc.) and a first amount of multiple sheets of a first graphene material, wherein the first graphene-to-plastic weight ratio is from 0 to 1.0; (b) heat-treating the mixture at a first temperature (250° C. to 1,500° C.) for a first period of time to carbonize the mixture into a graphene/carbon mixture; (c) optionally adding a second amount of multiple sheets of a second graphene material into the graphene/carbon mixture, wherein the second graphene-to-plastic weight ratio, based on the original non-carbonized plastic weight, is from 0 to 1.0 and the total graphene-to-plastic weight ratio is no less than 0.001; and (d) heat-treating the graphene/carbon mixture at a second temperature for a second period of time to produce a crystalline graphite, wherein the second temperature is selected from 900° C. to 3,500° C.

Provided is a method of producing a graphitic film, comprising: (a) providing a suspension of a mixture of graphene oxide (GO) and aromatic molecules selected from petroleum heavy oil or pitch, coal tar pitch, a polynuclear hydrocarbon, a halogenated variant thereof, or a combination thereof, dispersed or dissolved in a liquid medium; (b) dispensing and depositing the suspension onto a surface of a supporting substrate to form a wet layer, wherein the procedure includes subjecting the suspension to an orientation-inducing stress or strain; (c) partially or completely removing the liquid medium; and (d) heat treating the resulting dried layer at a first temperature selected from 20° C. to 3,200° C. so that the GO and aromatic molecules are cross-linked, merged or fused into larger aromatic molecules to form the graphitic film, wherein the larger aromatic molecules or graphene planes in the graphitic film are substantially parallel to each other.

A process for producing a solid powder mass of multiple anode material particulates, the process comprising (a) providing an electrode comprising a solid powder mass comprising multiple porous host particles (e.g., carbonaceous, graphitic, and graphene particles) having a volume fraction of pores from 5% to 99.9%; (b) dissolving or dispersing a source of a selected anode active material in a liquid electrolyte; (c) providing a counter electrode; and (d) applying a desired current or voltage sequence to electrodeposit an anode active material into the pores of the porous particles. The deposited anode active material (e.g., Si) is preferably in an amorphous state and has a dimension (e.g., coating thickness or particle diameter) no greater than 500 nm (preferably less than 150 nm and more preferably from 10 to 100 nm). The process may further comprise a step of prelithiating the anode active material deposited in the pores