thyssenkrupp Uhde GmbH

A method can be employed to regulate and stably operate a steam reforming system that is operated by steam reforming, that has a capacity utilization level that can be regulated, and that comprises a steam reformer, a hydrogenating and desulfurizing unit that is positioned upstream of the steam reformer and is configured for feedstock desulfurization, and a firing unit of the steam reformer. According to the method, a mandated capacity utilization level for the steam reforming system is established with automated regulation of the following continuously monitored parameter ratios: a hydrogen-to-feedstock ratio in the hydrogenating and desulfurizing unit, a steam-to-carbon ratio in the steam reformer, and a fuel-to-air ratio in the firing unit of the steam reformer.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a process for CO 2 -neutral hydrogen production and subsequent further processing to afford ammonia.

An apparatus for synthesizing urea comprises an ammonia source, a urea synthesis unit, wherein the ammonia source is connected to the urea synthesis unit via a reactant conduit, and an ammonia gas turbine, wherein the ammonia source is connected to the ammonia gas turbine via a fuel conduit and the ammonia gas turbine is connected to the urea synthesis unit via a steam conduit.

A gas scrubber may include an absorption apparatus configured for receiving a gas and absorbing the gas in an absorption medium, as well as an evaporation apparatus configured for evaporating at least a part of the liquid that is introduced. The absorption apparatus may have an introduction apparatus for the gas, an apparatus for circulating the absorption solution that has reacted with the gas, a discharge apparatus for at least a part of the absorption solution that has reacted with the gas, and a cooling system for the circulating absorption solution. The absorption apparatus and the evaporation apparatus can be connected via a heat exchanger such that heat content of the absorption solution that has reacted with the gas is used at least in part for the evaporation.

An integrated process contains the following steps of: (i) pyrolysis of hydrocarbons to carbon and hydrogen, (iia) removal of at least a part of the produced carbon in step (i) and at least partly further processing of said carbon into a carbon containing electrode, and (iib) removal of the hydrogen produced in step (i) and at least partly using said hydrogen for providing energy, preferably electric energy or heat, for the electrode production in step (iia). A joint plant is also useful, which contains (a) at least one reactor for a pyrolysis process, (b) at least one reactor for the production of electrodes for an aluminum process, (c) a power plant and/or at least one gas-fired burner, and optionally, (d) at least one reactor for the electrolysis for producing aluminum.

A reactor for the thermal decomposition of a gaseous hydrocarbonaceous feedstock stream in an electrically heated moving bed composed of an electrically conductive granular material with deposition of elemental carbon on the granular material comprises an upper reactor section in which there are disposed a feed for the granular material and an outlet for a hydrogenous product stream, a middle reactor section, and a lower reactor section in which there is disposed a feeding device for the gaseous hydrocarbonaceous feedstock stream, and on the bottom side there is provided an outlet for the granular material, wherein the outlet comprises at least one funnel-shaped oscillating base that can be set in oscillation in vertical and/or horizontal direction by means of at least one first vibration generator and is connected to the lower reactor section via an oscillation-decoupling suspension.

A reactor may have a catalyst bed for the catalytic treatment of a gas stream, with the catalyst bed extending substantially over a cross section of the reactor. Gas to be treated may axially fly through the catalyst bed. A carrier structure for the catalyst bed that is at least partly floatingly mounted in the reactor may include a sieve element and, radially outwardly, carrier elements fixedly joined to the reactor wall below the sieve element. The sieve element provides a resting surface for the catalyst bed. The sieve element terminates, radially outwardly, at a distance from the reactor wall. The carrier structure also includes support elements for the sieve element that are floatingly mounted in the reactor. An improved floating mounting is thus provided where not only the sieve element itself but also further parts of the carrier structure are mounted to prevent stresses due to thermal expansion.

A reactor for carrying out an endothermic reaction, in particular a high-temperature reaction, in which a product gas is obtained from a feed gas, wherein: the reactor surrounds a reactor interior; the reactor is configured to provide a reactor bed in a reaction zone of the reactor interior, which reactor bed comprises a large number of solid material particles; the reactor is also configured to guide the feed gas into the reaction zone; in order to heat the feed gas, the reactor is designed to heat the solid material particles in the reaction zone such that, by transferring heat from the solid material particles to the feed gas, the feed gas in the reaction zone can be heated to a reaction temperature in order to participate as a starting product in the endothermic reaction for producing the product gas.

A process for startup of a nitric acid plant comprises approaching at least one operating point according to a process pressure and a volume flow of the nitric acid plant, adjusting at least a portion of the process pressure via at least one offgas expander, and adjusting at least a portion of the volume flow via at least one compressor. The process, where startup is markedly simplified compared to the prior art, is characterized in that for allowable operating points a lower limit is specified according to pressure and volume flow and an upper limit is specified according to pressure and volume flow and in that it is indicated when upon adjustment of the pressure and/or the volume flow the lower limit or the upper limit is attained.

A reformer for steam reforming a hydrocarbon-containing mixture, including a combustion chamber, a burner arranged within the combustion chamber, a first reactor tube which is arranged at least in sections within the combustion chamber, a catalyst arranged inside the first reactor tube, and an electrically heatable heating element is arranged inside the first reactor tube.